Preinteraction Phase.
- During this pahse of relationship, you will need to learn as much as possible about client, including reasons for seeking care.
- Review the client medical records and nursing notes.
- Note the client history of previous hospitalization.
- Note the symptoms that brought the client to the clinic or hospital.
- Speak with other health care providers who may have cared for the client.
- Inquire about the client’s cultural background and emotional state.
Orientation Phase
- Set time frame of therapeautic relationship.
- Peform physical, cultural, psychosocial assessment.
- formulate patient outcomes.
- plan interventions.
- it is important to show the client respect and to stablish trust and rapport.
Working Phase: as soon as the nurse and the client established therapeutic relationship, the
working phase begins. now you can begin to:
- assess the person’s concerns, strengths and weaknessess
- Established a contract with the client regarding expectations and responsibilities.
- Decide on mutually agreed upon goals.
- Establish a plan of action that satisfies you and the client
- Set limits
- discuss the time frame for yor relationship.
- Continue to establish rapport and build trust.
- encourage the client to speak openly about feelings, fears and regrets.
Termination Phase
- Therapeautic relationship may be terminated for a variety of reasons; the client may be discharged, the nurse or nursing student may change services, or the client’s goal may be met.
During the termination phase, the major task are to:
- Outline the client’s strengths and discuss the progress the person has made while in your care.
- Review areas in need of improvement.
- Discuss the client’s goals, and develop a plan of self-care following discharge.
- Discuss any feelings (positive or negative) that the client may have regarding the termination of your relationship.
Ingredients of Therapeutic Communication
1. Emphaty-
is the ability to enter into another person’s experience to percieve it accurately and
to understand how situation is viewed from the client’s perspective. It includes the ability to
respond receptively to the other person’s experience while maintaining objectivity and ability
to communicate to the person that he or she is understood. This is done through
2. Positive regards-
Refers to warmth, caring, interest and respect for the person, seeing the person
unconditionally or non-judgmentally. Respect for the person does not depend on his or her
behavior; instead, the person is regarded as worthwhile simply for being human.
3. Comfortable Sense of Self -
before a nurse can communicate therapeautically, a comfortable sense of self, such as bieng
aware of one’s own personality, values, cultural background and style of communication is
necessary.
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