Sample NCLEX Questions
1. A patient asks the nurse whether all donor blood products are cross-matched with the recipient to prevent a transfusion reaction. Which of the following always require cross-matching?
a. Packed red blood cells
b. Platelets
c. Plasma
d. Granulocytes
Answer A
Rationale: Red blood cells contain antigens and antibodies that must be matched between donor and recipient. The blood products in options 2-4 do not contain red cells. Thus, they require no cross-match.
2. A month after receiving a blood transfusion an immunocompromised patient develops fever, liver abnormalities, a rash, and diarrhea. The nurse would suspect this patient has:
a. Nothing related to the blood transfusion.
b. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).
c. Myelosuppression.
d. An allergic response to a recent medication.
Answer B
Rationale: GVHD occurs when white blood cells in donor blood attack the tissues of an immunocompromised recipient. This process can occur within a month of the transfusion. Options 1 and 4 may be a thought, but the nurse must remember that immunocompromised transfusion recipients are at risk for GVHD.
3. A client comes into the local blood donation center. He says he is here to donate platelets only today. The nurse knows this process is called:
a. Directed donation.
b. Autologous donation.
c. Allogenic donation.
d. Apheresis.
Answer B
Rationale: The process of apheresis involves removal of whole blood from a donor. Within an instrument that is essentially designed as a centrifuge, the components of whole blood are separated. One of the separated portions is then withdrawn, and the remaining components are retransfused into the donor. Directed donation is collected from a blood donor other than the recipient, but the donor is known to the recipient and is usually a family member or friend. Autologous donation is the collection and reinfusion of the patient’s own blood. Allogenic donation is collected from a blood donor other than the recipient.
4. The nurse knows that the age group that uses the most units of blood and blood products is:
a. Premature infants.
b. Children ages 1-20 years.
c. Adults ages 21-64 years.
d. The elderly above age 65 years.
Answer B
Rationale: People older than 65 years use 43 percent of donated blood. This number is expected to increase as the population ages.
5. A child is admitted with a serious infection. After two days of antibiotics, he is severely neutropenic. The physician orders granulocyte transfusions for the next four days. The mother asks the nurse why? The nurse responds:
a. “This is the only treatment left to offer the child.”
b. “This therapy is fast and reliable in treating infections in children.”
c. “The physician will have to explain his rationale to you.”
d. “Granulocyte transfusions replenish the low white blood cells until the body can produce its own.”
Answer B
Rationale: Granulocyte (neutrophil) replacement therapy is given until the patient’s blood values are normal and he is able to fight the infection himself. Options 1 and 3 are not therapeutic responses. The treatment in option 2 takes days and is not always able to prevent morbidity and mortality.
NCLEX Questions for Pharmacologies Therapies 1/5
NCLEX Questions for Pharmacologies Therapies 2/5
No Responses to “NCLEX Questions for Pharmacologies Therapies 4/5”