Hypotension and shock Medications
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- natural and synthetic catecholamines
- examples: epinephrine, dopamine (Intropin), dobutamine (Dobutrex)
- actions: increase cardiac output, (+) inotrope, (+) chronotrope
- uses: dopamine and dobutamine: hypovolemic and cardiogenic shock, epinephrine: anaphylactic shock
- adverse effects: dysrhythmias, hypotension, tissue necrosis if extravasation occurs. Tremors, anxiety, dizziness with epinephrine
- contraindications
- hypersensitivity
- ventricular fibrillation
- tachydysrhythmias
- safety in children not known
- nursing interventions
- correct hypokalemia before administering
- monitor vital signs frequently
- monitor ECG continuously during administration
- administer with infusion pump
- start drug slowly and increase according to health care provider’s orders
- monitor injection site for extravasation
- protect solution from light
- do not use discolored solution
- stop the drug gradually
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